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Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 48:2:169-176 (1997)
Copyright © 1997 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture.
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Comparative Evaluation of Four Methods for Assay of cis- and trans-Resveratrol

George J. Soleas 1, David M. Goldberg 2, Eric Ng 2, Alex Karumanchiri 2, Elisa Tsang 3, and Eleftherios P. Diamandis 4

1 Andres Wines Ltd., Winona, Ontario, Canada
2 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Banting Institute, 100 College St, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L5
3 Quality Assurance Department, Liquor Control Board of Ontario
4 Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Toronto.

A comparative evaluation of four methods to measure the concentrations of cis- and trans-resveratrol as well as total resveratrol in commercial wines has been performed. Two of these methods utilized solid-phase extraction of resveratrol isomers prior to analysis by direct-injection gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS) or derivatization with bis-[trimethylsilyl]-trifluoroacetamide (BSTFA) prior to GC-MS analysis. Two methods utilized direct-injection high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in normal phase (isocratic) with absorbance detection at 306 nm, and reverse phase HPLC with gradient elution and diode array detection. In virtually all comparisons, the correlation between the values for any two methods was very satisfactory (r > 0.900), but some evidence of systematic bias was obtained which could not be explained by different standardization techniques. High values for trans-resveratrol with direct-injection GC-MS (Method 1) could be attributed, at least in part, to thermal breakdown of resveratrol glucosides to free isomers. The derivatization GC-MS technique (Method 2) showed a tendency to overestimate cis-resveratrol and underes- timate the trans isomer, possibly as a consequence of trans- to-cis isomerization during the derivatization step. Somewhat lower values for cis-resveratrol with the normal-phase HPLC procedure (Method 3) might be a consequence of monitoring a single wavelength (306 nm) which is well above the absorption maximum of this isomer. Method 4 (reverse-phase gradient HPLC with diode array detection) has the advantage of allowing the simultaneous quantitation of many other polyphenols of biologic interest, and as of now may be considered to be the most robust method for routine application.

Key words: resveratrol, polydatin, wine, stilbenes, gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, high perfor- mance liquid chromatography, method standardization

Submitted on October 3, 1996






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Copyright © 1997 by the American Society for Enology and Viticulture.